Nunnally 1978 Psychometric Theory Pdf 20
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Psychometrics has been criticized for its use of factor analysis in numerous psychological studies. The reason for this is that factor analysis is statistically unreliable because it does not address constructivism . The traditional approach to psychometrics is based on the notion of the principle of uniformity which is that all persons possess a consistent set of psychological processes. The reasoning behind this is that when we see the same effect across different persons, it can be attributed to a single factor. However, if the same effect is found across different persons, it cannot be attributed to a single factor. Indeed, this is what is meant by constructivism. If the same process is found across different persons it cannot be attributed to a single factor and it is not a psychological constant. It is the exact opposite of a psychological constant. Psychometrics is not about studying people but rather, it is about studying psychological processes. Psychometric study has never embraced constructivism and the question of whether people are the same or different is ignored.
Some psychologists have voiced concerns over the reliability of psychological tests and have promoted the adoption of the scientific method as the standard for psychological research.[38] Since the late 1920s, psychometrics has been criticized for the lack of reliability of many psychological tests and their inability to address constructivism .[39]
In their review of the role of measurement in the development of the knowledge base, W. T. Baker and Michael Macneil (1978) explained that psychometric concepts have three distinct uses: measurement, theory, and program. To measure something is to collect data and examine it to determine if it conforms to a given set of rules or model. Psychometric theory provides the rules or model, and program specifies how the data is analyzed.
To identify and validate the items or dimensions of the items, we can conduct a psychometric analysis of the items. The psychometric analysis is a process of determining the validity of the items and/or scales by estimating the measurement model used to analyze the data. The measurement model is a set of statistics used to analyze the relationship among items and the latent variable being measured. The measurement model is used to determine whether the items are consistent with the latent variable or not. 827ec27edc